Hayfever and Allergic Rhinitis?

What causes airborne allergies, hayfever and allergic rhinitis?

With every breath we take, we breathe in millions of microscopic particles such as dust, pollen, plant spores, viruses, bacteria and even pollutants in the form of chemicals in the air.

Many of these particles are filtered and removed by the nose and respiratory system, while others enter the body. If the immune system is strong and healthy, it can ward off infection against pollutants, viruses and other harmful airborne substances that may enter the body. Normally the immune system will ignore harmless airborne particles entering the body such as pollen, house dust, animal dander, etc. In some people, however, the immune system misinterprets these harmless particles and identifies them as being dangerous to the system. This triggers a release of a substance called histamine, as well as other inflammatory compounds in the body, which cause a condition called 'allergic rhinitis' and hayfever.

People who develop allergic rhinitis in warm weather, windy conditions or at spring time are generally allergic to grass, tree and flower pollens. Those who have this reaction all year round are probably also allergic to house dust, mold or animal dander.Because the mucous membranes of the nose and respiratory tract are affected, people with allergic rhinitis are often more vulnerable to colds, sinusitis, influenza and other respiratory infections, setting up a vicious cycle of a compromised immune system, increased allergies, progressive fatigue and weakening of the system.

What are the symptoms of allergic rhinitis and hayfever?

• Runny nose (clear discharge)

• Red, itchy or puffy eyes

• Dark circles under the eyes

• Sneezing and itchy nose

• Swollen nasal passages

• Irritated throat

• Fatigue

 What about conventional antihistamine treatment for allergic rhinitis and hayfever?

Doctors usually treat allergies supportively and with antihistamine drugs which can block the release of histamine and therefore reduce or prevent the allergic reaction. Antihistamines may be short acting or long acting and come in tablets, nasal sprays, inhalers, eye drops or syrups. Antihistamines can be very effective and many people with severe allergies to airborne substances find it very difficult to lead a normal life without them. By preventing or reducing the allergic reaction, antihistamines can also help to prevent the illness cycle that arises due to frequent allergic attacks. However, as always, the advantages of any medication should always be weighed against its disadvantages. Antihistamines can also cause unwanted side effects

and even make allergies worse in some cases.

Disadvantages of Antihistamines

1. Antihistamines may lose their effectiveness over time.

2. They can cause sedation and reduce concentration and increase the risk of motor vehicle and work related accidents.

3. They may thicken mucus secretions and increase the risk of bacterial infection and sinusitis.

4. They may make it more difficult for men with prostate problems to pass urine.

5. Other side effects include insomnia, nightmares, dry mouth, rapid heart beat, anxiety and agitation.

6. They should not be used with alcohol which can increase side effects.

7. Some antihistamines are not recommended along with certain antibiotics or prescription antidepressants.

There is an effective, yet safe alternative to the conventional treatment of

allergic reactions like allergic rhinitis and hayfever

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